In China, education is free for the population. In Latvia, students take exams, but what can a Chinese student boast of in front of a Latvian peer? Except, of course, that he knows a very difficult Chinese language.
The first information about porcelain products dates back to the fourth century AD and it comes from China . Then he began to appear in the countries closest to China, such as Mongolia, Korea, then in Japan, and then in Europe .
Do you know how many women have influenced the fate of China with their decisions, actions, skills and their power? The guest of the program is a specialist in ancient and medieval history, a senior researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences .
In this podcast episode, host Edson Nascimento welcomes listeners and introduces the main theme: whether we are witnessing the "end of history" in terms of economics and public policy, based on the ideas presented in Francis Fukuyama's book "The End of History and the Last Man." Fukuyama argued that liberal democracy and capitalism represent the ultimate evolutionary stage of human governance, suggesting that these systems would ultimately prevail globally. Nascimento highlights Fukuyama's perspective, which, although initially controversial, posited that capitalist liberal democracy was the pinnacle of socio-cultural development. However, he contrasts this with recent discussions from economist Branco Milanovic, who argues in a new article that history has not reached a definitive endpoint. Milanovic contends that multiple political and economic systems still exist today, specifically pointing to the competition between liberal democracy, exemplified by the U.S. and many European nations, and what he describes as a "political capitalism," akin to the system in China. The episode notes that while China identifies as communist, its economy operates within capitalist frameworks, marked by significant private ownership and global investments. Nascimento emphasizes the dynamic nature of China's economy and its meritocratic governance model, where officials are incentivized to meet aggressive growth targets, fostering rapid economic development. However, he also critiques China for its lack of civil liberties and democratic freedoms, contrasting it with the values upheld in liberal democratic societies. Overall, the discussion invites listeners to contemplate the viability of different political and economic systems in the modern world.
This Chinese historical story talks about the silence symbol of the Opium War, where the Chinese emperor faced the severe effects of opium trade by British forces. The British had been exporting opium to China, leading to addiction, disease, and an economic crisis throughout the country. The emperor enacted several measures, but nothing seemed to work until he received an ordinance from Lin Zexu, who outlined six measures to ban the opium trade in China. The emperor was pleased with the results and assigned Lin Zexu to oversee the ban.
Welcome to listen to Chinese history, but like this, the author and the node broadcast how to do the Westernization Movement in the early reign of Empress Dowager Cixi. With the assistance of Prince Gong and Prince Chun, they rectified the governance, relied on Han officials such as Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang, and Li Hongzhang, and with the support of foreign powers, they successively suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Miao, and Muslim uprisings, which eased the ruling crisis of the Qing Dynasty, temporarily stabilizing the Qing Dynasty. Out of the consideration of maintaining feudal autocratic rule, they once again focused on the Westernization Movement, emphasizing strengthening military power by developing military and civilian industries, training the navy and the army to enhance military strength, thereby objectively promoting modernization in China. The Westernization Movement, which started under the leadership of the Westernization faction, had a positive impact. At the time, the conservative Qing government did not support the Westernization faction, and even strongly opposed it. The Westernization faction had to conduct the Westernization Movement in secret. After Empress Dowager Cixi took over the regency, the key officials such as Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang, and Li Hongzhang advocated introducing advanced Western technology to defend the Qing government's position, proposing the idea of "Chinese learning for fundamental principles and Western learning for practical application." On the other hand, the conservative faction led by Empress Dowager Cixi had to rely on firearms and cannons to maintain their rule, thus initiating a significant impact on modern Chinese history. The initial goal of the Westernization Movement, led by Li Hongzhang and others, was to seek wealth through reform, primarily focusing on establishing modern military industries, creating modern armies, purchasing advanced foreign weapons, and systematically introducing Western military technology. In a short period, under the leadership of Li Hongzhang and other Westernization faction ministers, China's modern military industrial system was established, with the capability to manufacture cannons, artillery, ammunition, and steam warships domestically. This marked a significant turning point in modern Chinese history, leading to the emergence of China's capitalist industry and the unprecedented development of the military. However, the ultimate goal of the Westernization Movement was to maintain Qing rule, rather than leading China towards prosperity and strength. As a result, it failed to prevent China's fate of defeat in foreign wars and the process of semi-colonialization. As China was defeated by Japan, the Westernization faction and the Westernization Movement were blamed as the culprits of defeat. While Japan surged to become a world-class power, China fell into decline, remaining backward for a long time. Archives 86: Li Hongzhang, a native of Hefei, Anhui, entered the Hanlin Academy at the age of 24 and rose to become the Governor-General of Zhili and the Minister of Commerce for North China during the reign of Empress Dowager Cixi. He was known as a representative and pioneer of the Westernization Movement, playing a crucial role in modernizing China.
In ancient China there was even an official position - the manager of dragons . Foreigners who visited the territories of modern Lithuania and Russia in the Middle Ages wrote about creatures that looked like large lizards, which were worshiped by the local population .
Despite China having achieved a vaccination rate of 80% for its population, and therefore theoretically having achieved herd immunity, the government is still enforcing a zero-COVID policy. This has led to speculation that China's vaccine's efficacy may be one of the reasons for the policy, as the lack of transparency in clinical testing data has resulted in many countries refusing to import Chinese vaccines. While Hungary, a country closely linked to China, is one of the few nations to use Chinese vaccines, the government's lack of transparency in its vaccine procurement policies has drawn criticism from opposition parties. China's vaccine efficacy and its overall reliability remains a topic of global interest.
This is a story about the Battle of the Yellow Sea that took place in 1894 during the Qing dynasty in China. The battle occurred after the corrupt Qing dynasty signed a series of unequal treaties with Western colonial powers. Japan, feeling left out after not gaining substantial benefits from these treaties, decided to use force to gain access to China. The Battle of the Yellow Sea was a significant naval confrontation between the Chinese and Japanese naval fleets. The battle resulted in heavy losses for the Chinese navy, but they managed to hold their ground and inflict substantial damage on the Japanese navy. The heroism and bravery of the Chinese naval officer, Deng Shichang, who went down with his sinking ship, the Zhiyuan, inspired the Chinese people and became a symbol of patriotism.
In this episode of "Art Knife", the host interviews Barksdale, the cultural attaché of the Netherlands embassy in China. The interview is conducted in English for better communication and cultural exchange. They discuss the impact of Covid-19 on cultural exchange and the work done by the embassy through online programs and collaborations with Chinese artists. They also touch upon the history and significance of Chinese art and architecture. The interview highlights the importance of cultural exchange in bringing people together and understanding different perspectives.